Born
Francis Castelluccio, May 3, 1937, in Newark, NJ; son of a barber (later
an employee of Lionel train
company);
third wife, Randy; children: two. Singer and drummer with quartet the Variatones
(including bassist Hank
Majewski
and vocalist-guitarists Tommy and Nick DeVito; Majewski replaced by vocalist-arranger
Nick Massi,
1960;
Nick DeVito replaced by vocalist-keyboardist-songwriter Bob Gaudio), New
Jersey, 1950s; recorded solo
single
"My Mother's Eyes," 1953; Variatones renamed the Four Lovers, signed with
RCA Records, 1956, and
released
"You're the Apple of My Eye"; group renamed the Four Seasons, scored first
hit with "Sherry," Vee Jay
Records,
1962; with group, signed with Philips Records, 1964; while still with group,
launched solo career, 1974;
Four
Seasons disbanded, 1977; teamed with new Four Seasons lineup, 1980. Actor.
Awards:
(With the Four Seasons) Platinum records for singles "Sherry" and "Big
Girls," both 1962, and induction
into
the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, 1990; double-platinum record for single
"My Eyes Adored You," 1974, and
triple-platinum
record for single "Grease," 1978.
Propelled
by his trademark falsetto, Frankie Valli and his group, the Four Seasons,
hit the American music scene in
the
late 1950s and never looked back. Their "doo-wop" harmonies--initially
part of the rhythm and blues
tradition--were
enhanced by Valli's singular three-octave range, which carried the Four
Seasons over the top both
literally
and figuratively. Despite competition from such monster artists as Elvis
Presley, the Beach Boys, and even
the
Beatles, Valli and the Four Seasons quickly became kings of "rock and soul."
The group enjoyed its greatest
success
during the 1960s, with chart-topping hits like "Sherry," "Big Girls Don't
Cry," "Walk Like a Man," and
"Rag
Doll." Yet Valli's long career has spanned more than three decades, including
solo hits in the 1970s like "My
Eyes
Adored You" and "Grease." Since the 1980s he has soldiered on with a reconstituted
Four Seasons, playing
clubs,
private parties, and occasionally performing in concert. Indeed, Valli's
ability to change with the times while
remaining
true to his original sound has ensured his place as an American music icon.
Born
Francis Castelluccio in 1937, Valli was one of three brothers who grew
up in a tough, working-class
neighborhood
in Newark, New Jersey. His father worked as a barber and later for the
Lionel train company. His Italian-born
mother encouraged Valli's early interest in music. The two would make weekly
treks to hear major big
bands
of the era perform at the Adams Theater, in Newark, or the Paramount Theater,
in New York City. Valli was
more
influenced by jazz, however, and particularly enjoyed listening to the
Four Freshmen, the Hi-Los, and the
Modernaires.
He also admired classic R&B bands including the Clovers and the Drifters.
As a child, Valli had no
formal
vocal training but instead taught himself to sing by doing impressions
of other artists. Since he had a
naturally
high voice, he focused on singers Rose Murphy and Dinah Washington.
At
the age of seven, Valli's future course was set when he saw a young Frank
Sinatra perform at the Paramount. As
Valli
related to Two River Times contributor Steve North, "I looked up, and I
saw him coming out on stage, and the
way
he was lit up, it was like he had an aura around him, and as a kid, I said,
'Wow! Look at that! Someday I'm
gonna
do this.'" As a teenager in the 1950s, Valli sang with several Jersey groups
at school events and in local
clubs.
His first solo recording, in 1953, was "My Mother's Eyes," followed three
years later by "You're the Apple
of
My Eye," performed with Valli's first formal group, the Four Lovers (originally
the Variatones.)
Valli's
parents supported his interest in music, though at times they were concerned
about his slowly blooming
career.
"My dad didn't like me being in this business," he told North. "Very early
on, I was working in clubs and
coming
home at 3 and 4 in the morning, and he'd say, 'What kind of work is this?'
But he supported me secretly. He
would
buy his own ticket to our performances, and people would tell me they had
seen him there. And he would
always
buy our records, even though I gave them to him. 'You can't keep giving
them away,' he would say. 'No one
will
buy them if you give them away.'"
What
made Valli uncommon as a singer, especially while trying to carve a niche
in those early days, was his stratospheric
falsetto. "Falsetto was nothing new; rhythm and blues music was doing it
for years," Valli explained to
North.
"I just developed my falsetto to make it fuller than anyone else's, and
doing it on top, making it the lead, was
what
was different." Critics called Valli's vocals everything from shrill to
shrieking, but the falsetto remained his
signature
sound. His remarkable range allowed him to create expert harmonies, and
the singer was amply able to
hit
high notes without his voice breaking.
Following
the group's initial wave of success in 1956, the quartet performed three
times on the Ed Sullivan Show and
found
themselves rubbing elbows with another rising star, Elvis Presley. Still,
not everyone was enamored of Valli's
Four
Lovers. He renamed the group "The Four Seasons" after a bowling alley in
Union, New Jersey, where they
were
turned down for a cocktail-lounge gig.
At
the beginning of their career, the Four Seasons viewed the Beach Boys as
their only American rivals. In 1962,
however,
when the group signed a recording contract with Vee Jay Records--becoming
the label's first white
act--their
star rose so high that they became virtually untouchable by the competition.
A year later, the Beatles
were
signed to the same label, but the Four Seasons would manage to survive
the British Invasion.
In
1962, the group recorded its first megahit, "Sherry," written by Four Season
keyboardist and tenor Bob Gaudio.
The
song was reportedly a peace offering from producer Bob Crew, who had infuriated
Valli by allowing Elvis
Presley
to record what would become the smash single "Don't Be Cruel." "Sherry"
received limited airplay until an
appearance
on Dick Clark's television show American Bandstand catapulted the song
to the top of the pop charts,
earning
the group its first gold record. Indeed, "Sherry" was one of the fastest-rising
songs ever released.
The
song was quickly followed by a second hit, "Big Girls Don't Cry," also
written by Gaudio. Both tunes were
certified
platinum after remaining Number One hits for five weeks each. The Four
Seasons had found their sound
and
continued to score in 1963 with "Walk Like a Man," "Ain't That a Shame,"
"Candy Girl," and "Marlena."
According
to Rock of Ages editor Ed Ward, with the Four Seasons' initial successes,
they had found "the perfect
middle
ground between old-style harmonies and pretty-boy pop," and their "radical
harmonies and astonishing
range
made them immediately identifiable on the radio." Ward nonetheless labeled
the group's work "the most
obvious
schlock by today's standards" but conceded that their songs were "well
within, if a decadent example of,
the
1950s vocal-group tradition."
In
1964, following contractual disputes with Vee Jay, the Four Seasons signed
with Philips Records and enjoyed a
golden
year, placing six songs in the Top Twenty: "Stay," "Dawn (Go Away)," "Ronnie,"
"Rag Doll"--a Number
One
hit--"Save It for Me," and "Big Man in Town." "The voicings were very important,"
Valli told Two River
Times
writer North of the group's string of chart-busters. "We did a lot of what
I consider to be church-type
harmony.
It sounds fuller than it is. We established a sound that was uniquely ours
with 'Rag Doll,' 'Save It for Me,'
'Let's
Hang On,' and 'Working My Way Back to You.' I love those songs."
Valli
and the Four Seasons continued on a roll, releasing numerous songs each
year through 1968. Their 1966
arrangement
of Cole Porter's "I've Got You Under My Skin" was also an early hit for
Frank Sinatra, who became a
friend
of Valli's. In fact, the Four Seasons performed at the Paramount Theater
for a crowd of screaming female
fans
20 years after Valli had so admired Sinatra's performance there. One memorable
Four Seasons tune, "Can't
Take
My Eyes Off of You," made it to the Number Two slot in 1967. And though
the Four Seasons sold nearly 80
million
records during their peak years, Valli continued to drive an old car and
live in a housing project until the
mid-1960s,
when success finally seemed real.
Life
in the fast lane came to an abrupt halt for the Four Seasons in 1968 with
the release of Genuine Imitation Life
Gazette.
Having strayed from their heretofore surefire formula to produce what has
been called the group's attempt
at
a "relevant" or progressive album, the Four Seasons were faced with their
first monumental failure. It was
around
this time that Bob Crew ended his association with Valli and company, Gaudio
assuming the role of
producer.
Further difficulties loomed when the strain of constant touring, compounded
by litigation with Philips
Records,
pitted the Seasons against one another. In 1970, Philips released Half
and Half, featuring the single
"Patch
of Blue," which rose only as high as Number 94.
For
several years the group languished without a label, until they joined Mo-West,
Motown's subsidiary on the
West
Coast. And with the exception of the 1972 Mo-West album Chameleon, the
Four Seasons did not record
together
again until 1975. Valli, however, made a solo comeback in 1974 with the
mellow number "My Eyes Adored
You,"
a Number One hit that was eventually certified double platinum. Two more
singles, 1975's "Swearin' to God"
and
"Our Day Will Come," solidified his return to the limelight.
In
1975 the Four Seasons united to record the Warner Bros. release "Who Loves
You," co-written by Gaudio,
which
pushed them back into the Top Ten. The following year, they went all the
way to Number One--for the first
time
in over a decade--with the infectious coming-of-age ditty "December 1963
(Oh What a Night)," also co-penned
by
Gaudio.
Valli
continued to record with the Four Seasons until their breakup in 1977.
He also concentrated on his solo act but
did
not score another significant success until 1978. With the release of Grease,
the soundtrack of the phenomenally
popular
movie for which Valli sang the title track, some of his lost audience was
reclaimed and a whole new crowd of
swooning
teenagers won over. The film, which was set in the 1950s and starred Olivia
Newton-John and John
Travolta,
also provided Valli with a bit of acting experience--in a cameo role playing
himself. Many of the album's
songs
were written by Bee Gee Barry Gibb, which undoubtedly helped the disc soar
to its Number One position
during
the height of the disco era, created in part by the Bee Gee's record-selling
soundtrack to Saturday Night
Fever.
Valli was at the zenith of his career with a triple-platinum hit.
The
following decade saw Valli reuniting with Gaudio to record and occasionally
tour with a new Four Seasons, this
time
comprised of six members. Many of the original group's best-known songs
became standard fare for club and
concert
performances. "The problem is we've had a lot of hits," Valli told Winnie
Bonelli of the Passaic, New
Jersey,
Herald-News. "If I went to see someone I had admired all my life, I'd feel
disappointed if I didn't hear
certain
songs. That's where the catch comes in, trying to sing everyone's favorites."
Though
Valli's name has sold over a hundred million records during his long career,
the former Jersey street kid
remains
modest and tries to keep in step with current artists. "Social statements
are fine," he was quoted as saying
in
the Herald-News. "[Like] Bruce Springsteen's 'Born in the U.S.A.,' Neil
Diamond's 'Coming to America.' What I
don't
appreciate are some of the rap groups' lyrics about violence and sex. I
love Hammer because his messages
are
positive and in America we really are a melting pot. We need to learn how
to live with each other."
1992
found Valli working on a new solo album as well as promoting the Four Seasons
disc Hope and Glory. He had
also
developed a serious interest in acting. "I'd love to make inroads into
film and television work in California,"
Valli
ventured in the Herald-News. "I have no aspirations about being a leading
man. Instead, I'm talking about
character
work like Joe Pesci or Danny Aiello, who are both friends."
The
big screen notwithstanding, Valli had no plans to discontinue touring,
despite its often grueling pace. "It's
fortunate
that after 30 years on the road, I still love to perform," he told Herald-News
contributor Bonelli. "Travel
is
horrendous. There's so many problems. Sometimes I have to travel 6-12 hours
to get to a destination, and then
you're
never quite sure of what kind of equipment you'll be working with. A few
performers, like Wayne Newton,
are
fortunate enough to work 40 weeks in the same place. So there's no major
difference from one night to the
next."
Far from complaining, though, Valli acknowledged his debt to this demanding
lifestyle in People, hazarding,
"If
I wasn't a singer, I could walk down the street and there wouldn't be nobody
looking at me." Valli's young son,
with
third wife, Randy, is surely another reason he began to long for his suburban
New Jersey home.
Frankie
Valli and the Four Seasons were recognized in 1990 for their impact on
popular music with induction into the
Rock
and Roll Hall of Fame alongside other classic acts such as The Who and
the Four Tops. Considering his
still-driving
energy, it seemed likely that Valli's famous falsetto would delight listeners
for another 30 years.
The
Four Seasons; on Vee Jay Records Sherry, 1962. Four Seasons Greetings,
1962. Big Girls Don't Cry, 1963.
Ain't
That a Shame, 1963. Stay and Other Great Hits, 1964. Girls, Girls, Girls,
We Love Girls, 1964. On Philips
Records
Born to Wander, 1964. Dawn (Go Away), 1964. Rag Doll, 1964. The Four Seasons
Entertain You, 1965.
The
Four Seasons Sing Big Hits By Burt Bacharach ... Hal David ... Bob Dylan,
1965. Working My Way Back to
You,
1966. Lookin' Back, 1966. New Gold Hits, 1967. The Genuine Imitation Life
Gazette, 1968. Half and Half,
1970.
On other labels Chameleon, Mo-West, 1972. Who Loves You, Warner Bros.,
1975. Helicon, Warner Bros.,
1975.
The Four Seasons Story, Private Stock, 1975. Reunited Live, Warner/Curb,
1981. Hope and Glory,
Curb/CEMA,
1992. Solo releases Solo, Philips, 1967. Timeless, Philips, 1968. Inside
You, Motown, 1975. Closeup,
Private
Stock, 1975. Our Day Will Come, Private Stock, 1975. Valli, Private Stock,
1977. Frankie Valli ... Is the
Word,
Warner Bros., 1978. (Contributor) Grease (soundtrack), Warner Bros., 1978.
The Very Best of Frankie Valli,
MCA,
1979. Heaven Above Me, MCA, 1980.
Four
Sessions Lyrics
Midi
Collection
Can't
Take My Eyes Off You in Real Audio